Disk, filesystem

Disk usage
{linux}$ du -sh
{freebsd}$ du -sh

Count subdirectories in current directory:
{linux}$ du –max-depth=1
{freebsd}$ du -d1

Typical approach to find biggest directories/files on disk:
{linux}$ du –max-depth=1 -kx|sort -n
{freebsd}$ du -d1 -kx|sort -n

Find some kinds of files (regex is a mask for full path, no need for begin/end marks)
{linux}$ find . -regextype posix-extended -type f -regex “.*\.(java|class)”
{freebsd}$ find -E . -type f -regex “.*\.(java|class)”

Show open files and programs:
{linux}$ lsof
{freebsd}$ fstat

Some networking
Show open ports and apps connected to them:
{linux}$ netstat -apne –inet
{freebsd}$ sockstat

Kernel issues
Show loaded modules:
{linux}$ lsmod
{freebsd}$ kldstat

Load kernel module:
{linux}$ modprobe SomeModule
{freebsd}$ kldload SomeModule

Remove loaded module:
{linux}$ rmmod SomeModule
{freebsd}$ kldunload SomeModule

Program development
Trace the system calls of a program:
{linux}$ strace
{freebsd}$ truss  (strace is also available in /usr/ports/deve/strace)

libraries – show all paths + libs:
{linux}$ ldconfig -p
{freebsd}$ ldconfig -r

Packages management
Different linux distros make it own way. I’ll focus on debian-based distributions like Debian, Ubuntu, Kubuntu etc. Find which package this file belongs to?
{freebsd}$ pkg_info -W /path/to/file
{linux}$

Have we got a package like… (in (k)ubuntu you can use more friendly tools like synaptic, apt-get)
{linux}$ apt-cache search your_name
{freebsd}$ cd /usr/ports; make search key=your_name
just in package names:
{freebsd}$ locate -i your_name | grep “/usr/ports/”

Install a binary package
{linux}$ apt-get install package_name
{freebsd}$ pkg_add -r package_name

Install a package from sources
{linux}$ is there a simple way to do it?
{freebsd}$ cd /usr/ports/path/package; make install clean

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1) Use ifconfig command as follows:
ifconfig interface inet IP

Example(s):
ifconfig lnc0 inet 202.54.1.22

Note lnc0 is Ethernet interface name can be Obtained using ifconfig -a command.

2) To setup up ip permanently open file /etc/rc.conf ; add/modify network entries:
vi /etc/rc.conf

And setup values as follows:
hostname=”fbsdx.test.com”
ifconfig_lnc0=”inet 192.168.0.6 netmask 255.255.255.0″

Note ifconfig_lnc0 is Ethernet interface name can be Obtained using ifconfig -a command.

3) Again re-run /etc/netstart script.

SourceÂ

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